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　　近年来我国(guo)石材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)屡遇“瓶(ping)颈”，在一次次的(de)(de)(de)挫(cuo)折中，我们不难领悟到一些引导石材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业健康发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)方(fang)法：一是明确定(ding)位、调整(zheng)自身结构、转变(bian)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)模式；二是科(ke)(ke)学(xue)管理(li)(li)、加大节(jie)能减(jian)排、增强环境保护。我国(guo)石材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业以此为指导思想，坚持走科(ke)(ke)学(xue)管理(li)(li)、节(jie)约环保型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)现(xian)代(dai)化工业道(dao)路，才能进一步促(cu)进行(xing)(xing)业的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、建(jian)设(she)起(qi)有(you)(you)中国(guo)特色(se)的(de)(de)(de)新型(xing)石材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业。

　　近期(qi)，国务院总理温家宝在作政府工(gong)作报告时(shi)(shi)提到，推进(jin)(jin)经济结构调整，转变(bian)发(fa)展方(fang)式是(shi)通过四(si)点来实现的：一是(shi)坚(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)扩(kuo)大内需方(fang)针，调整投资和消费关系(xi)，促(cu)进(jin)(jin)经济增(zeng)长由主要依靠投资、出(chu)口拉动(dong)向依靠消费、投资、出(chu)口协调拉动(dong)转变(bian)；二是(shi)坚(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)把推进(jin)(jin)自主创新作为转变(bian)发(fa)展方(fang)式的中心环(huan)节；三是(shi)坚(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)走(zou)中国特色新型工(gong)业化(hua)道(dao)路，推进(jin)(jin)信息化(hua)与工(gong)业化(hua)融(rong)合；四(si)是(shi)要促(cu)进(jin)(jin)区域(yu)协调发(fa)展。同时(shi)(shi)，国土(tu)资源(yuan)部副部长汪民就(jiu)关于中国的矿(kuang)产资源(yuan)供应(ying)的基(ji)本(ben)方(fang)针提到，要坚(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)开源(yuan)与节流并(bing)举，把节约放在首位(wei)；开发(fa)与保护并(bing)重，走(zou)可(ke)持(chi)(chi)续发(fa)展道(dao)路。

　　结(jie)合(he)国(guo)策来看我国(guo)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)行业(ye)(ye)的发(fa)展状况：虽然(ran)近几年石(shi)材(cai)(cai)行业(ye)(ye)发(fa)展迅猛，但由于行业(ye)(ye)不够规范、管(guan)理(li)不够科学以及(ji)发(fa)展模式(shi)不够先进，致使石(shi)材(cai)(cai)行业(ye)(ye)“小(xiao)、土、散、乱”以及(ji)资(zi)源浪费严重和(he)环境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)严重的局面并没有彻(che)底改变。鉴于此，我国(guo)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)行业(ye)(ye)发(fa)展一定要结(jie)合(he)现状，实施科学管(guan)理(li)，发(fa)挥自身产业(ye)(ye)集群(qun)的优势，来寻求今(jin)后的发(fa)展。

　　首先，明(ming)确行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)、找准市场定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)。中国石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)协会(hui)会(hui)长邹传胜在(zai)(zai)第五届四次会(hui)长办公扩(kuo)大(da)(da)会(hui)议(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)发言曾提到(dao)，要(yao)(yao)落实科学发展(zhan)观(guan)、建(jian)设(she)现(xian)代石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，首先就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)调整(zheng)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)和(he)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)产品的(de)(de)(de)市场定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)。由于受传统的(de)(de)(de)计划经济的(de)(de)(de)影响，我国的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)一直把(ba)自(zi)己仅(jin)仅(jin)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)在(zai)(zai)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料制(zhi)造业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，生产加工(gong)链(lian)相当短；而石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)产品的(de)(de)(de)市场定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)也只(zhi)是(shi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)于工(gong)程(cheng)投资（主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)政府项目）和(he)出口。为了适(shi)应新形(xing)势(shi)的(de)(de)(de)发展(zhan)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)必要(yao)(yao)改(gai)变这种(zhong)状(zhuang)况(kuang)，努(nu)力做到(dao)合(he)理控(kong)制(zhi)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)资产投资规模(mo)，着力优(you)化(hua)投资结(jie)构，不(bu)但要(yao)(yao)生产石(shi)质材(cai)(cai)(cai)料，还要(yao)(yao)延长产业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)链(lian)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)产品的(de)(de)(de)市场扩(kuo)大(da)(da)到(dao)家居(ju)消(xiao)费领域。只(zhi)有(you)这样，才(cai)能够真正实现(xian)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)发展(zhan)方式的(de)(de)(de)转(zhuan)变。

　　其次，坚持自主创(chuang)新、实行科学管理(li)。在石(shi)(shi)(shi)材开(kai)采(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)过程中，由于传统开(kai)采(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)术相对(dui)比(bi)较落(luo)后(hou)，不仅(jin)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材生(sheng)产加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)效率(lv)产品(pin)(pin)质量差(cha)，同时(shi)也(ye)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)资源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)极大(da)浪费和(he)(he)(he)环(huan)境的(de)(de)严重(zhong)(zhong)污染。因此，石(shi)(shi)(shi)材行业(ye)(ye)(ye)应(ying)(ying)该要(yao)重(zhong)(zhong)视加(jia)强(qiang)国(guo)际科技(ji)(ji)合作(zuo)，引进(jin)国(guo)外的(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)进(jin)机械设(she)(she)备(bei)、学习(xi)国(guo)外的(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)进(jin)技(ji)(ji)术，同时(shi)更要(yao)注重(zhong)(zhong)推广节约、替代(dai)、循环(huan)利用(yong)资源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)治(zhi)理(li)污染的(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)进(jin)适用(yong)技(ji)(ji)术，以及实施节能(neng)减排重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)技(ji)(ji)术和(he)(he)(he)示范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程。在资源(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)和(he)(he)(he)环(huan)境成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)进(jin)一步(bu)提高(gao)的(de)(de)背景下(xia)，必须实施可(ke)持续(xu)发展(zhan)战略；从原始(shi)矿坑开(kai)采(cai)、爆破(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺改造为台阶式(shi)开(kai)采(cai)、绳锯(ju)等机械切割先(xian)(xian)(xian)进(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺；淘汰落(luo)后(hou)作(zuo)坊式(shi)生(sheng)产方式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)坊式(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)，加(jia)快建(jian)设(she)(she)现(xian)代(dai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)。与此同时(shi)，各(ge)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)还要(yao)不断创(chuang)新石(shi)(shi)(shi)材产品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)营销理(li)念和(he)(he)(he)模式(shi)，努力掌握先(xian)(xian)(xian)进(jin)科学的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)知识，以便(bian)增强(qiang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)场竞争力和(he)(he)(he)提高(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)水平。只有这样，才(cai)有可(ke)能(neng)不断拓展(zhan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材市(shi)(shi)场，从而适应(ying)(ying)市(shi)(shi)场经(jing)济(ji)下(xia)的(de)(de)各(ge)种新形势。

　　最(zui)后(hou)，协(xie)调区域发(fa)展、发(fa)挥(hui)(hui)整体优(you)(you)势。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)群是(shi)我国(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)发(fa)展的(de)重要特征之一，它(ta)对全国(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)发(fa)展起(qi)着举足轻重的(de)作用。只有(you)协(xie)调和引导好(hao)这些中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)聚集(ji)的(de)各地产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)群的(de)良好(hao)健康(kang)发(fa)展，不(bu)断强化各大型石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)品牌(pai)意识，积极发(fa)挥(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)协(xie)会(hui)、组织（特别是(shi)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)协(xie)会(hui)和各地石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)协(xie)会(hui)）的(de)作用以引导各石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)齐心协(xie)力谋(mou)求共同发(fa)展，才有(you)可能(neng)使(shi)(shi)我国(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)最(zui)大程度(du)地发(fa)挥(hui)(hui)出整体行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)优(you)(you)势，才有(you)可能(neng)克(ke)服(fu)人民币升值、原材(cai)(cai)料价格上(shang)升、劳动力成本增(zeng)加等所(suo)带来的(de)压力，进而在国(guo)(guo)际石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)体现出强力的(de)竞争优(you)(you)势，使(shi)(shi)我国(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在国(guo)(guo)际市场上(shang)立于(yu)不(bu)败(bai)之地，比(bi)如(ru)杜邦可丽(li)耐、必图(tu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)英石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。

　　总而言之，我(wo)国的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)在认识到自身(shen)优(you)势的(de)(de)(de)同时，也要(yao)意识到自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)不足和(he)外界对(dui)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)的(de)(de)(de)影响(xiang)。现(xian)阶段，在国家(jia)政策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)导下(xia)，重点进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)结构的(de)(de)(de)调(diao)整，着力(li)实行(xing)(xing)发展(zhan)(zhan)模式的(de)(de)(de)转变(bian)，对(dui)节(jie)能减排和(he)环境保护不断加大力(li)度，全面落实科学发展(zhan)(zhan)观，努(nu)力(li)把我(wo)国石(shi)材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)建设(she)成(cheng)为有中国特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)现(xian)代化先(xian)进(jin)(jin)石(shi)材(cai)行(xing)(xing)业(ye)。

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